3.3 Cellular Respiration
Respiration breaks the fuel down, using oxygen and generating ATP. The waste products of this type of respiration, carbon dioxide and water (H2O), are the raw materials for photosynthesis.
To Think About:
What processes do all forms of life use to produce ATP? How do eukaryotes coordinate cellular respiration? How is an electrochemical/proton gradient formed during cell respiration? What is the function of the electron transport chain? What is the role of NADH and FADH2? How does the electrochemical / proton gradient power ATP synthase? What is oxidative phosphorylation? What is the importance of decoupling during respiration? What is the purpose of glycolysis? What is the fate of pyruvate? What are the products of Krebs cycle (The Citric Acid cycle)? What happens to the electrons extracted in glycolysis and Krebs cycle (The Citric Acid cycle)? How does fermentation differ from aerobic cellular respiration? How is energy released from ATP?
Watch: AP Daily Video Cellular Respiration-1
Answer the Following Questions:
- Cell respiration and fermentation from ____________________
- Oxygen is used in ____________________________ but not in ________________
- Fermentation and anaerobic respiration are or arenot (highlight or circle one) the same process.
- Cellular respiration takes the chemical energy stored in glucose and uses it to produce _______, which is used by cells to do ______________________________________
- Glycolysis occurs in the ________________, ________ living things do glycolysis.
- Oxidation of pyruvate occurs in the _____________________, so does the ______________ _________________, and the ___________________________________
- ETC transfers energy from electrons in a series of __________________________
- The ETC occurs on membranes in both the ________________ and the __________
- The ETC established a _______________ gradient across the membrane.
- The electrons are brought to the ETC by the elections carriers ___________ and _______
- Finally, the electrochemical proton gradient is used by __________________________ to produce ATP.
- List the three things that all graphs must at least contain:
Watch: AP Daily Video Cellular Respiration-2
Answer the Following Questions:
- Where do the reactions of the electron transport chain (ETC) occur?
- A process that occurs in all living things is called a ____________ process.
- Where are electron transport chains located in eukaryotic cells?
- ETC is made up of of membrane ________________, their job is to facilitate/help with coupled reactions using the energy from _________________________
- List the electron carriers that bring electrons to the ETC.
- The energy from these electrons is used to actively transport _____________ across the membrane, establishing an _____________________________ gradient.
- Why is the membrane impermeable to these protons? (Think back to our discussion of what types of molecules can and cannot cross the membrane easily from Unit 2)
- What is oxidative phosphorylation?
- During oxidative phosphorylation, NADH and FADH2 lose electrons and are therefore (oxidized or reduced) Circle one
- The enzyme _______________________ use the proton gradient to power the synthesis of ATP by adding a phosphate group to __________
- How can decoupling of oxidative phosphorylation from the electron transport chain be used to help endotherms regulate body temperature?
Watch: AP Daily Video Cellular Respiration-3
Answer the Following Questions:
- What are the products of glycolysis?
- Pyruvate is oxidized and actively transported from the ________ to the ____________
- There are three main products of the Kreb’s cycle:
a. What gas is released?
b. High energy electrons are transferred to the electron carriers _______ and _______
c. Finally, _________ is phosphorylated and turned into __________
- The high energy electrons are transferred to the _________________________
- The ETC creates a ________________ gradient.
- Fermentation is important because it allows ___________________ to continue in the __________________ of oxygen. Fermentation produces ___________ or ________
- When the third phosphate is removed from ATP forming ADP, energy is ___________
Supplementary Resources:
- Bozeman Science: Mr. Andersen’s “Cellular Respiration” video
- Bozeman Science: Mr. Andersen’s “Anaerobic Respiration” video
Sumanas, Inc.: Cellular Respiration Animation
McGraw Hill: How Glycolysis Works
Virtual Cell Animation: Glycolysis, Step by Step
McGraw Hill: How the Krebs Cycle Works
