2.7 Origin of Compartmen-talization and the Eukaryotic Cell
in AP Biology
Membranes and membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells compartmentalize intracellular metabolic processes and specific enzymatic reactions.
To Think About:
What are some similarities and/or differences in compartmentalization between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? How did mitochondria and chloroplasts evolve from previously free-living prokaryotic cells via endosymbiosis? What is some evidence to support the claim the mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved through the process of endosymbiosis?
Watch: AP Daily Video Cell Compartmentalization
Answer the Following Questions:
- What is an advantage of cellular compartmentalization?
- How does compartmentalization help the functioning of the lysosome?
- How does membrane folding help the mitochondria and the chloroplast perform their functions?
- If a viral infection leads to the disruption of the lysosome membrane, predict the effect on the cell? Justify your prediction.
Watch: AP Daily Video Origins of Cell Compartmentalization
Answer the Following Questions:
- What is the function of the plasma membrane in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
- Prokaryotic cells have an internal region called the____________________which contain its genetic material, but eukaryotes have a membrane bound____________________which contain genetic material.
- Which eukaryotic membrane bound organelle is thought to have evolved from infoldings of the plasma membrane?
- Which eukaryotic membrane bound organelles are thought to have evolved from the process of endosymbiosis?
- Describe the process of endosymbiosis.
- Describe three pieces of evidence that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from endosymbiosis.
Supplementary Resources:
- Bozeman Science: Mr. Andersen’s “Compartmentalization” video
- Bozeman Science: Mr. Andersen’s “Endosymbiosis” video
- Amoeba Sister: Endosymbiotic Theory
- Sumanas, Inc: The Evolution of Organelles
